{"id":3180,"date":"2021-06-16T10:00:21","date_gmt":"2021-06-16T07:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/?p=3180"},"modified":"2023-04-26T02:03:25","modified_gmt":"2023-04-25T23:03:25","slug":"ti-einai-ta-columnstore-indexes-kai-pote-ta-chrisimopoio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/en\/ti-einai-ta-columnstore-indexes-kai-pote-ta-chrisimopoio\/","title":{"rendered":"What are Columnstore Indexes and when do we use them in SQL Server"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In this article we will analyze the difference of a table that is physically stored through<strong> Clustered Rowstore Index<\/strong> by being through <strong>Clustered Columnstore Index<\/strong>. What exactly are Columnstore Indexes, when should they be used and what are their pros and cons?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are Columnstore Indexes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Columnstore indexes<\/strong> is a technology that allows to store the data of a table per column as opposed to the &quot;classic&quot; <strong>Rowstore indexes<\/strong> which are stored per row of table entries. Because each column has the same type of data, it offers up to x10x greater compression and x10x faster data reading.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Columnstore Indexes work<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>During its creation <strong>Columnstore Index<\/strong> records are divided into groups of 1,048,576 records (102,400 minimum) called<strong> Row Groups<\/strong>, then each column that has the Row Group you split and compress into groups called <strong>Column Segments<\/strong>. Since the minimum for a Row Group is 102,400 records when there are records left over, the above records go into a special space you call <strong>Deltastore<\/strong>. In the Deltastore space the data is still Row based and does not have the compression of the Column Store.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"581\" height=\"297\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/sql-server-pdw-columnstore-loadprocess.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3202\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">docs.microsoft.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the advantages of Columnstore Indexes?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Columnstore Indexes, as we mentioned at the beginning, because they divide the data into groups of columns, provide high compression of the data that leads to requiring <strong>less storage space<\/strong>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The high compression combined with the fact that queries on Columnstore Indexes run on <strong>batch mode<\/strong> (optimized for multiple records) instead of row mode they provide <strong>faster reading<\/strong> of the data.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Queries that need only specific columns from the tables require <strong>reduced I\/O<\/strong> in relation to Rowstore.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>analytical queries <\/strong>that they use <strong>aggregate functions <\/strong>such as SUM, AVG and GROUPING are performed in minimal times.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the disadvantages of Columnstore Indexes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-3956f76e-785b-4df9-acc6-bc13ff012ca4\">\n<li>Updating the tables in <strong>OLTP workloads<\/strong> with DML like insert, update and delete lags a lot compared to Rowstore.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Each column must fit <strong>on a single page<\/strong> eg a field that is varchar(max) is not supported and if we want to use it we should keep only the first 4000 characters (LEFT(column,4000)).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The search <strong>specific records<\/strong> usually takes more time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The example<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We have a table with a classic <strong>Clustered Rowstore Index<\/strong> at at ID. Before we do anything we enable timing and I\/O statistics:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"sql\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">set statistics time,io on;\ngo\n\nSELECT * FROM Comments;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"598\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3185\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-04.png 598w, https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-04-300x125.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 598px) 100vw, 598px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">01<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We make a second table copy of the same. Because it has a field whose size exceeds the one page (8k) it must have to create the Columnstore Index. To fit on one page we keep only the first 4000 characters:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>*The order is to make the table with the entries shuffled by ID and date.<\/em> <em>We will see why below.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then we create it <strong>Clustered Columnstore Index<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"sql\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">--drop table comments_columnstore\nselect id,CreationDate,PostId,left(Text,4000) as Text,score,userid\ninto Comments_Columnstore\nfrom Comments order by score desc; \nGO\n\ncreate clustered columnstore index idx_comments_clmstore on [dbo].[Comments_Columnstore]; \nGO<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Reading his records <strong>Rowstore <\/strong>table for a month, we see that it takes 7 seconds:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"sql\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">SELECT id,CreationDate,PostId,Text,score\n\tFROM Comments\nwhere\n1=1\nand CreationDate between '2010-01-01' and '2010-02-01'\norder by CreationDate;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"439\" height=\"229\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-01.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3184\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-01.png 439w, https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-01-300x156.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 439px) 100vw, 439px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">02<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Accordingly to <strong>Columnstore <\/strong>table only takes 5 seconds. Also we can see in the messages that this time he does <strong>Segment reads<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"sql\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">SELECT id,CreationDate,PostId,Text,score\n\tFROM Comments_Columnstore\nwhere\n1=1\nand CreationDate between '2010-01-01' and '2010-02-01'\norder by CreationDate;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"451\" height=\"188\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-02.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3183\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-02.png 451w, https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-02-300x125.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 451px) 100vw, 451px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">03<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>But because the <strong>Row Groups <\/strong>they are divided according to how the entries are in the table and we passed them mixed up, if we want to sort them by date we will have to make <strong>Clustered Rowstore Index <\/strong>on the table <strong>extinguishing <\/strong>the Columnstore and then rebuild the Columnstore by deleting the Rowstore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We do this as in Columnstore Indexes we cannot yet define which field to order them with <strong>Segment Row Groups<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If we do this and run the query again we will see that from 5 seconds it dropped to 1.5 seconds:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"sql\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">create clustered index idx_comments_clmstore on [dbo].[Comments_Columnstore](CreationDate) with (drop_Existing = on);\ngo\n\ncreate clustered columnstore index idx_comments_clmstore on [dbo].[Comments_Columnstore]  with (drop_Existing = on);\ngo\n\nSELECT id,CreationDate,PostId,Text,score\n\tFROM Comments_Columnstore\nwhere\n1=1\nand CreationDate between '2010-01-01' and '2010-02-01'\norder by CreationDate;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"433\" height=\"164\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-03.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-03.png 433w, https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-03-300x114.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 433px) 100vw, 433px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">04<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>If we run <strong>aggregate function <\/strong>to <strong>Rowstore <\/strong>table we will see that it will take 5 seconds:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"sql\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">SELECT score,count(id) as Count\n\tFROM Comments\ngroup by score;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"531\" height=\"163\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-09.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3187\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-09.png 531w, https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-09-300x92.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 531px) 100vw, 531px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">05<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>But if we run it on <strong>Columnstore <\/strong>table we will see what it will do <strong>only 10 milliseconds<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"sql\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">SELECT score,count(id) as Count\n\tFROM Comments_Columnstore\ngroup by score;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"494\" height=\"191\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3186\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-10.png 494w, https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-10-300x116.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 494px) 100vw, 494px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">06<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>If we do 100,000 <strong>inserts <\/strong>to <strong>Rowstore <\/strong>table will make 41 seconds:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"sql\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">declare @i int\nset @i = 1\n\nWHILE @i &lt; 100000\nBEGIN\ninsert into comments(CreationDate,PostId,Score,Text,Userid)\nvalues ('2010-09-06 08:09:52.330',35314,3,'Test Comment',3);\nset @i=@i+1;\nEND;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"390\" height=\"234\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-05.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-05.png 390w, https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-05-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">07<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>To <strong>Columnstore <\/strong>but the 100,000 table <strong>inserts <\/strong>they will take 54 seconds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"sql\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">declare @i int\nset @i = 1\n\nWHILE @i &lt; 100000\nBEGIN\ninsert into comments_columnstore(CreationDate,PostId,Score,Text,Userid)\nvalues ('2010-09-06 08:09:52.330',35314,3,'Test Comment',3);\nset @i=@i+1;\nEND;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"427\" height=\"227\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-06.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3190\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-06.png 427w, https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-06-300x159.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 427px) 100vw, 427px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">08<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Accordingly if we do <strong>delete <\/strong>to <strong>Rowstore <\/strong>panel will do 5 seconds:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"sql\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">delete from comments where Text = 'Test Comment';<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"249\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-07.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-07.png 360w, https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-07-300x208.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>While in <strong>Columnstore <\/strong>table it <strong>delete <\/strong>it will take almost 10 seconds (ie twice the time):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"sql\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">delete from comments_columnstore where Text = 'Test Comment';<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"478\" height=\"256\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-08.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3188\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-08.png 478w, https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/clm-08-300x161.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 478px) 100vw, 478px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">10<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When to use a Columnstore Index<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Columnstore Indexes <\/strong>have been created primarily for use in <strong>Data warehouses (OLAP)<\/strong>. They are made in <strong>Fact tables<\/strong> and to the very old <strong>Dimensional tables<\/strong>. Using them dramatically improves performance as a large amount of data is required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Also with creation <strong>Nonclustered Columnstore Index<\/strong> in <strong>Rowstore tables<\/strong> we can increase the performance of analytical queries that use <strong>aggregate functions <\/strong>such as SUM, AVG and GROUPING are performed in minimal times.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the website <a href=\"https:\/\/columnscore.com\/\">columnscore.com<\/a> you&#039;ll find a nice quiz with questions by Brent Ozar about when we do or don&#039;t use a Columnstore Index.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sources:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/sql\/relational-databases\/indexes\/columnstore-indexes-overview?view=sql-server-2017\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Columnstore indexes: Overview<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/sql\/t-sql\/statements\/create-columnstore-index-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver15\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CREATE COLUMNSTORE INDEX (Transact-SQL)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/sql\/relational-databases\/indexes\/columnstore-indexes-data-loading-guidance?view=sql-server-2017\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Columnstore indexes \u2013 Data loading guidance<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.brentozar.com\/archive\/2020\/10\/want-to-use-columnstore-indexes-take-the-columnscore-test\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Want to use columnstore indexes? Take the ColumnScore test.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this article we will analyze the difference between a table that is physically stored via a Clustered Rowstore Index and one that is stored via a Clustered Columnstore Index. What exactly are Columnstore Indexes, when should they be used and what are their pros and cons? What are Columnstore Indexes Columnstore indexes are a [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":702,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,15],"tags":[29,49,23,30,6],"class_list":["post-3180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-databases","category-ms-sqlserver","tag-databases","tag-indexes","tag-microsoft","tag-rdbms","tag-sqlserver"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 Columnstore Indexes \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd SQL Server - DataPlatform.gr<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataplatform.gr\/en\/ti-einai-ta-columnstore-indexes-kai-pote-ta-chrisimopoio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 Columnstore Indexes \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd SQL Server - 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